Quantifiers Otjiherero grammar

1 quantifiers

1.1 some
1.2 other, another, different
1.3 another
1.4 many, most
1.5 all

quantifiers

important quantifiers in otjiherero include

1. tjiva 2. -arwe other, another, different 3. -kwao 4. o- -ngi many, 5. a- -he all

some

tjiva expresses idea of in otjiherero. tjiva positions after noun standard adjective, not inflect.

example

mba munu ozongombe tjiva. saw cows.

other, another, different

-arwe expresses idea of other , or different in otjiherero. -arwe prefixed possessive prefix of noun modifies, a- of possessive prefix dropped. -arwe similar -kwao, -arwe can used imply difference, -kwao means .

examples

omundu warwe person / other person / different person
eyuva rarwe day / other day (not today)

another

-kwao expresses idea of in otjiherero. inflects standard adjective. -arwe similar -kwao, -arwe can used imply difference, -kwao means .

-arwe , -kwao can confusing english speaker because use 2 different ideas. 1 use involves addition, while involves replacement.

compare

ngatu ungure eyuva ekwao. let s work day. (in addition today)
ngatu ungure eyuva rarwe. let s work day. (instead of today)

many, most

o- -ngi expresses idea of many (and ) in otjiherero. not inflect standard adjective; rather, present habitual subject concord of modified noun infixed between o- , -ngi.

examples ovandu ovengi many people otumwe otungi many mosquitoes

all

a- -he expresses idea of in otjiherero. not inflect standard adjective; rather, present habitual subject concord of modified noun infixed between a- , -he.

examples ovandu avehe people otumwe atuhe mosquitoes

aruhe always, (short oruveze aruhe, of time )