Roman Inquisition Inquisition

with protestant reformation, catholic authorities became more ready suspect heresy in new ideas, including of renaissance humanism, supported many @ top of church hierarchy. extirpation of heretics became broader , more complex enterprise, complicated politics of territorial protestant powers, in northern europe. catholic church no longer exercise direct influence in politics , justice-systems of lands officially adopted protestantism. war (the french wars of religion, thirty years war), massacre (the st. bartholomew s day massacre) , missional , propaganda work (by sacra congregatio de propaganda fide) of counter-reformation came play larger roles in these circumstances, , roman law type of judicial approach heresy represented inquisition became less important overall. in 1542 pope paul iii established congregation of holy office of inquisition permanent congregation staffed cardinals , other officials. had tasks of maintaining , defending integrity of faith , of examining , proscribing errors , false doctrines; became supervisory body of local inquisitions. arguably famous case tried roman inquisition of galileo galilei in 1633.

the penances , sentences confessed or found guilty pronounced in public ceremony @ end of processes. sermo generalis or auto-da-fé.

penances (not matters civil authorities) might consist of pilgrimage, public scourging, fine, or wearing of cross. wearing of 2 tongues of red or other brightly colored cloth, sewn onto outer garment in x pattern, marked under investigation. penalties in serious cases confiscation of property inquisition or imprisonment. led possibility of false charges enable confiscation being made against on income, particularly rich marranos. following french invasion of 1798, new authorities sent 3,000 chests containing on 100,000 inquisition documents france rome.