Italian Somaliland Somaliland Campaign

one of forts of majeerteen sultanate in hafun

the majeerteen sultanate within northeastern part of somali territories established in mid-18th century , rose prominence following century, under reign of resourceful boqor (king) osman mahamuud.

in late december 1888, yusuf ali kenadid, founder , first ruler of sultanate of hobyo, requested italian protection, , treaty effect signed in february 1889, making hobyo italian protectorate. in april, yusuf s uncle , rival, boqor osman, requested protectorate italians , granted it. both boqor osman , sultan kenadid had entered protectorate treaties advance own expansionist goals, sultan kenadid looking use italy s support in ongoing power struggle boqor osman on majeerteen sultanate, in separate conflict sultan of zanzibar on area north of warsheikh. in signing agreements, rulers hoped exploit rival objectives of european imperial powers more assure continued independence of territories. terms of each treaty specified italy steer clear of interference in sultanates respective administrations.

in return italian arms , annual subsidy, sultans conceded minimum of oversight , economic concessions. italians agreed dispatch few ambassadors promote both sultanates , own interests. new protectorates thereafter managed vincenzo filonardi through chartered company. anglo-italian border protocol later signed on 5 may 1894, followed agreement in 1906 between cavalier pestalozza , general swaine acknowledging baran fell under majeerteen sultanate s administration.