Diagnosis Depression in childhood and adolescence

1 diagnosis

1.1 correlation between adolescent depression , adulthood obesity
1.2 correlation between child depression , adolescent cardiac risks
1.3 distinction major depressive disorder in adults

diagnosis

according dsm-iv, children must exhibit either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities. these activities may include school, extracurricular activities, or peer interactions. depressive moods in children can expressed being unusually irritable, may displayed acting out, behaving recklessly, or reacting anger or hostility. children not have cognitive or language development express mood states can exhibit mood through physical complaints such showing sad facial expressions (frowning) , poor eye contact. child must exhibit 4 other symptoms in order clinically diagnosed. however, according omnigraphics health references series: depression sourcebook, third edition, more calculated evaluation must given medical or mental health professional such physiologist or psychiatrist. following bases of symptoms, signs include, not limited to, unusual change in sleep habits (for example, trouble sleeping or overly indulged sleeping hours); significant amount of weight gain/loss lack or excessive eating; experiencing aches/pains no apparent reason can found; , inability concentrate on tasks or activities. if these symptoms present period of 2 weeks or longer, safe make assumption child, or else matter, falling major depression.

correlation between adolescent depression , adulthood obesity

according research conducted laura p. richardson et al., major depression occurred in 7% of cohort during adolescence (11, 13, , 15 years of age) , 27% during late adolescence (18 , 21 years of age). @ 26 years of age, 12% of study members obese. after adjusting each individual s baseline body mass index (calculated weight in kilograms divided square of height in meters), depressed late adolescent girls @ greater 2-fold increased risk obesity in adulthood compared non-depressed female peers (relative risk, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.83). dose-response relationship between number of episodes of depression during adolescence, , risk adult obesity observed in female subjects. association not observed late adolescent boys or adolescent boys or girls.

correlation between child depression , adolescent cardiac risks

according research rm carney et al., history of child depression influences occurrence of adolescent cardiac risk factors, if individuals no longer suffer depression. more develop heart disease adults.

distinction major depressive disorder in adults

while there many similarities adult depression, in expression of symptoms, there many differences create distinction between 2 diagnoses. research has shown when child’s age younger @ diagnosis, typically there more noticeable difference in expression of symptoms classic signs in adult depression. 1 major difference between symptoms exhibited in adults , in children children have higher rates of internalization; therefore, symptoms of child depression more difficult recognize. 1 major cause of difference many of neurobiological effects in brain of adults depression not developed until adulthood. therefore, in neurological sense, children , adolescents express depression differently.