Other names and titles Names of God in Judaism

1 other names , titles

1.1 adonai
1.2 adoshem
1.3 baal
1.4 ehyeh asher ehyeh
1.5 elah
1.6 el roi
1.7 elyon
1.8 eternal one
1.9 hashem
1.10 shalom
1.11 shekhinah

other names , titles
adonai

shefa tal - kabbalistic explanation of priestly blessing adonai inscribed.

adonai (אֲדֹנָי‎, lit.  lords ) plural form of adon ( lord ) along first-person singular pronoun enclitic. elohim, adonai s grammatical form explained plural of majesty. in hebrew bible, used refer god. pronunciation of tetragrammaton came avoided in hellenistic period, jews began read adonai @ appearances in scripture , adonai in place in prayer. owing expansion of chumra (the idea of building fence around torah ), adonai has come holy orthodox jews, leading replacement hashem ( name ).

the singular forms adon , adoni ( lord ) used in scripture royal titles, in first book of samuel, , distinguished persons. phoenicians used title of tammuz, origin of greek adonis, , used in scripture refer god (e.g. ps 114:7.)

deuteronomy 10:17 has proper name yahweh alongside superlative constructions god[s] of gods elōhê ha-elōhîm , lord of lords adōnê ha-adōnîm (כִּי יְ ה וָ ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם הוּא אֱלֹהֵי הָֽאֱלֹהִים וַאֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִים ‎; kjv: lord god god of gods, , lord of lords ).

adoshem

up until mid-twentieth century, use of word adoshem, combining first 2 syllables of adonai last syllable of hashem , quite common. discouraged rabbi david halevi segal in commentary shulchan aruch. rationale disrespectful combine name of god word. took few centuries word fall complete disuse. despite being obsolete in circles, used in conversation in place of adonai jews not wish adonai need specify substitution of particular word. used when quoting liturgy in non-liturgical context. example, shlomo carlebach performed prayer shema yisrael words shema yisrael adoshem elokeinu adoshem eḥad instead of shema yisrael adonai eloheinu adonai eḥad.

baal

baal (/ˈbeɪəl/), baʿal, meant owner and, extension, lord , master , , husband in hebrew , other northwest semitic languages. in contexts , theophoric names, , baali (/ˈbeɪəlaɪ/; lord ) treated synonyms of adon , adonai. after time of solomon , particularly after jezebel s attempt promote worship of lord of tyre melqart, however, name became particularly associated canaanite storm god baʿal haddu , gradually avoided title yahweh. several names included rewritten bosheth ( shame ). prophet hosea in particular reproached israelites continuing use term:

come in day, declares lord, call me ishi , no longer call me baali.

ehyeh asher ehyeh

ehyeh asher ehyeh (hebrew: אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה‎) first of 3 responses given moses when asks god s name in book of exodus. king james version of bible translates hebrew am , uses proper name god. aramaic targum onkelos leaves phrase untranslated , quoted in talmud (b. b. 73a.)

ehyeh first-person singular imperfect form of hayah, . ehyeh translated , since imperfect tense in hebrew denotes actions not yet completed (e.g. exodus 3:12, [ehyeh] thee. ). asher ambiguous pronoun can mean, depending on context, , , , or .

although ehyeh asher ehyeh rendered in english am , better renderings might or , or shall prove whatsoever shall prove or because . other renderings include: leeser, “i will be”; rotherham, become whatsoever please , new world translation (2013 edition): become choose become. greek, ego eimi ho on (ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν), being in septuagint, , philo, , revelation or, existing 1 ; lat., ego sum qui sum, am.

elah

elah (aramaic: אֱלָה; pl. elim ) aramaic word god. origin of word uncertain , may related root word, meaning reverence . elah found in tanakh in books of ezra, jeremiah (jer 10:11, verse in entire book written in aramaic), , daniel. elah used describe both pagan gods , jews god. word elah - إله arabic word means god. name etymologically related allah الله used muslims.

elah yisrael, god of israel (ezra 5:1)
elah yerushelem, god of jerusalem (ezra 7:19)
elah shemaya, god of heaven (ezra 7:23)
elah-avahati, god of fathers, (daniel 2:23)
elah elahin, god of gods (daniel 2:47)

el roi

in book of genesis, hagar said call name of yahweh spoke through angel. in hebrew, phrase el roi taken epithet of god ( god of seeing ) although king james version translates statement: thou god seest me.

elyon

the name elyon (hebrew: עליון) occurs in combination el, yhwh, elohim , alone. appears chiefly in poetic , later biblical passages. modern hebrew adjective `elyon means supreme (as in supreme court ) or high . el elyon has been traditionally translated english god high . phoenicians used appears similar name god, Έλιον. cognate arabic `aliyy.

eternal one

eternal 1 increasingly used, particularly in reform , reconstructionist communities seeking use gender-neutral language. in torah, hashem kel olam ( everlasting god ) used @ genesis 21:33 refer god.

hashem

it common jewish practice restrict use of names of god liturgical context. in casual conversation jews, when not speaking hebrew, call god hashem (השם‎), hebrew name (cf. leviticus 24:11 , deuteronomy 28:58). likewise, when quoting tanakh or prayers, pious jews replace adonai hashem. example, when making audio recordings of prayer services, hashem substituted adonai.

a popular expression containing phrase baruch hashem, meaning thank god (literally, blessed name ).

shalom

talmudic authors, ruling on basis of gideon s name altar ( yhvh-shalom , according judges 6:24), write name of god peace (pereq ha-shalom, shab. 10b); consequently, talmudic opinion (shabbat, 10b) asserts 1 greet word  shalom (help·info) in order word not forgotten in exile. 1 not permitted greet word  shalom (help·info) in unholy places such bathroom, because of holiness of name. furthermore, in arabic same thing shalam- salam -سَلام means peace .

shekhinah

shekhinah ( שכינה (help·info)‎) presence or manifestation of god has descended dwell among humanity. term never appears in hebrew bible; later rabbis used word when speaking of god dwelling either in tabernacle or amongst people of israel. root of word means dwelling . of principal names of god, 1 of feminine gender in hebrew grammar. believe name of female counterpart of god, unlikely name mentioned in conjunction article (e.g.: shekhina descended , dwelt among them or removed himself , shekhina midst ). kind of usage not occur in semitic languages in conjunction proper names.

the arabic form of word sakīnah سكينة mentioned in quran. mention in middle of narrative of choice of saul king , mentioned descending ark of covenant, here word used mean security , derived root sa-ka-na means dwell:

and (further) prophet said them: sign of authority there shall come ark of covenant, (an assurance) therein of security lord, , relics left family of moses , family of aaron, carried angels. in symbol if ye indeed have faith.

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